Newborn Screening Program Data
Screenings help find and identify individuals who do not have any symptoms but may be at risk of having a disease or condition. Diagnostic testing, also called confirmatory testing, is done after screening identifies an individual as possibly having a condition. Testing will confirm or rule out the diagnosis. In other words, screenings identify, and testing confirms.
Presumptive positive (pre-positive) screens are any screen that resulted potentially positive for a condition. Pre-positive screens require additional testing through a diagnostic test to confirm or rule out the diagnosis. Sometimes the blood collected from the initial screen is not of good enough quality to be analyzed. If this happens, a repeat screen will need to be collected.
Confirmed positive screens include all presumptive positive screens that were confirmed to be positive for the condition through confirmatory testing.
The reports below display the total number of confirmed positive cases of conditions in a given year.
Please note that these totals only reflect the number of cases that were confirmed through confirmatory testing. This does not include presumptive positive cases that did not receive confirmatory testing or were ruled out.
*Indicates a Core RUSP Condition
**Indicates a Secondary RUSP Condition
***Indicates that the condition is not listed on the RUSP
Confirmed NBS Conditions
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Confirmed Amino Acid Disorders | 10 | 7 | 12 | 15 | 8 | 12 | 10 | 9 |
| Argininemia (ARG)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Argininosuccinic Aciduria (ASA)* | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Benign Hyperphenylalaninemia (H-PHE)** | 0 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Biopterin Defect in Cofactor Regeneration (BIOPT-REG)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Biopterin Defect in Cofactor Biosynthesis (BIOPT-BS)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Citrullinemia, Type I (CIT)* | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Citrullinemia, Type II (CIT II)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Classic Phenylketonuria (PKU)* | 7 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| Hypermethioninemia (MET)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Homocystinuria (HCY)* | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD)* | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Tyrosinemia, Type I (TYR I)* | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tyrosinemia, Type II (TYR II)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tyrosinemia, Type III (TYR III)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
| Total Confirmed Endocrine Disorders | 46 | 58 | 44 | 44 | 50 | 61 | 62 | 65 |
| Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)* | 3 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 5 |
| Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH)* | 43 | 51 | 42 | 42 | 48 | 56 | 59 | 60 |
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
| Total Confirmed Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders | 19 | 8 | 24 | 13 | 13 | 16 | 13 | 6 |
| 2, 4 Dienoyl-CoA Reductase Deficiency (DE RED)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Carnitine Acylcarnitine Translocase Deficiency (CACT)** | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase Type I Deficiency (CPT-IA)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase Type II Deficiency (CPT-II)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Carnitine Uptake Defect (CUD) aka Carnitine Transporter Deficiency (CTD)* | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Glutaric Acidemia, Type II (GA-2)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Long Chain L-3 Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (LCHAD)* | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (MCAD)* | 6 | 5 | 12 | 4 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 4 |
| Medium-Chain Ketoacyl-CoA Thiolase Deficiency (MCKAT)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Medium/Short-ChainL-3 Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (M/SCHAD)** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Short-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (SCAD)** | 2 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| Trifunctional Protein Deficiency (TFP)* | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (VLCAD)* |
5 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 1 |
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
| Total Confirmed Hemoglobinopathies | 46 | 49 | 39 | 40 | 37 | 41 | 44 | 42 |
| Hb S/S (Sickle Cell Anemia)* | 25 | 26 | 26 | 21 | 18 | 19 | 18 | 24 |
| Hb S/C** | 12 | 18 | 8 | 15 | 17 | 14 | 19 | 14 |
| Hb S/Beta Thalassemia** | 7 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 2 |
| Presence of Other Hb Variant | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
| Total Confirmed Organic Acid Disorders | 3 | 7 | 3 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 9 |
|
2-Methyl-3-Hydroxybutyric Acidemia (2M3HBA)** |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
2-Methylbutyrylglycinuria (2MBG, 2-Methylbutyryl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency)** |
0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
|
3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaric Aciduria (HMG)* |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA Carboxylase Deficiency (3-MCC)* |
2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
|
3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria (3MGA)** |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
Beta-Ketothiolase Deficiency (BKT)* |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
|
Glutaric Acidemia, Type I (GA-1)* |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency (MCD)* | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
Isobutyrylglycinuria (IBG)** |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
Isovaleric Acidemia (IVA)* |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
|
Malonic Acidemia (MAL)** |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
Methylmalonic Acidemia (Cobalamin Disorders) (Cbl A,B)* |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
|
Methylmalonic Acidemia (Methymalonyl-CoA Mutase Deficiency, MUT)* |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
|
Methylmalonic Acidemia with Homocystinuria (Cbl C, D, F)** |
0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
|
Propionic Acidemia (PROP)* |
1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 |
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
| Total Confirmed Lysosomal Storage Disorders (screening began 07/01/2020) | - | - | - | 4 | 10 | 12 | 7 | 5 |
| Krabbe - Infantile Onset*** | - | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Krabbe - Late Onset*** | - | - | - | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I (MPS-I)* | - | - | - | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Pompe - Infantile Onset* | - | - | - | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Pompe - Late Onset* | - | - | - | 2 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 3 |
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
| Total Other NBS Conditions | 52 | 58 | 51 | 61 | 52 | 49 | 47 | 45 |
| Biotinidase Deficiency (BIOT)* | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Classic Galactosemia (GALT)* | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| Duarte Galactosemia** | 22 | 27 | 20 | 19 | 9 | 12 | 8 | 12 |
| Cystic Fibrosis (CF)* | 27 | 28 | 23 | 34 | 28 | 19 | 22 | 18 |
| Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)* - Screening began 07/2018 | - | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD)* - Screening began 07/2021 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)* - Screening began 07/2018 | - | 1 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 10 | 8 |
| Total Confirmed Newborn Screening Conditions | 176 | 187 | 173 | 186 | 175 | 198 | 194 | 181 |
Sometimes, babies with abnormal newborn screens will be found to be carriers of the condition trait. This means that the while the infant will most likely not be affected personally by the condition, they may pass the trait to their children in the future. Additionally, if two people with the same condition trait have children, there is an increased risk of the child having the true condition. It is important for individuals who are carriers of newborn screening conditions to understand their trait status.
The table below lists the number of infants identified as carriers of a newborn screening condition within the given year.
NBS Condition Carrier/Trait Data
| NBS Condition Trait/Carrier Type | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cystic Fibrosis Carrier | 253 | 218 | 206 | 152 | 205 | 175 | 170 |
| Hemoglobin S Trait (Sickle Cell Carrier) | 1019 | 1027 | 1043 | 1050 | 1105 | 1075 | 1056 |
Initial screens are the first newborn screening collected from a baby. Repeat screens are any additional newborn screenings that are performed on the baby after the initial screen. Screening totals show how many of each type of heel stick screen (initial or repeat) happened each year. Repeat screenings are usually performed if the initial screen is presumptive positive.
Presumptive positive (pre-positive) screens are any screen that resulted potentially positive for a condition. Pre-positive screens require additional testing through a diagnostic test to confirm or rule out the diagnosis. Sometimes the blood collected from the initial screen is not of good enough quality to be analyzed. If this happens, a repeat screen will need to be collected.
The table below shows the number of initial screens, repeat screens, total screens (combined initial & repeat) and percentage of all screens that were repeats within a given year.
Newborn Screen Type: Initial vs. Repeat
| Year | Total Screens | Initial Screens | Repeat Screens | % Repeats |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 90328 | 78989 | 11338 | 12.6% |
| 2022 | 90811 | 79817 | 10994 | 12.1% |
| 2021 | 89841 | 79747 | 10185 | 11.3% |
| 2020 | 88899 | 78806 | 10093 | 11.4% |
| 2019 | 91160 | 81385 | 9775 | 10.7% |
| 2018 | 94676 | 82015 | 12661 | 13.4% |
Indiana's Public Health Genetics Program continuously strives to improve the quality of newborn screening education, processes, data collection, and reporting. These efforts help identify individuals with NBS conditions and support improved health outcomes.
To maintain data transparency from PHG to Indiana's newborn screening partners, PHG has created a NEW Newborn Screening Data Snapshot to provide insight on confirmed dried blood spot condition data, quality indicator data, and EHDI's 1-3-6 data. Stay tuned for more data reports.
